Types of Research
Some 300 Institute investigators conduct all forms of research into the prevention, detection, treatment and causes of cancer.
Basic research. A cornerstone of the Institute's cancer investigations tracing to the establishment of the Detroit Institute for Cancer Research in 1943. Achievements include establishing the first immortal hormone dependent breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, and establishment of premalignant cell line MCF-10; and synthesis of AZT, ddC and d4T, the first FDA-approved treatments for AIDS.
Clinical research. Conducted through more than 300 clinical trials at the Institute, including one of the country's leading Phase I programs. Studies are institutional (designed/led by our own investigators), cooperative (with such groups as the Southwest Oncology Group), and pharmaceutical/industry trials. Achievements include establishing the international, nonsurgical standard therapy for anal and esophageal cancers and the concepts multidisciplinary teams, organ preservation and adjuvant chemotherapy.
Translational research. The translation of basic science to clinical studies and the biological, molecular and genetic understanding of clinical observations. Most work in this area is conducted within the Hudson Webber Cancer Research Center.
Epidemiological research. Provides a quantitative portrait of cancer and its determinants in a defined population. Core functions are measurement of cancer incidence, morbidity, survival, and mortality. This also includes assessing of genetic predisposition, environmental and behavioral risk factors, screening practices, and the quality of care: from prevention through rehabilitation or hospice.
Behavioral research. Investigates whether racial and ethnic attitudes and biases, and real or perceived cultural differences among minority-group patients impede effective communication and decision-making in doctor-patient interactions, Institute members from the Communication and Behavioral Oncology subprogram of Population Studies and Prevention, Wayne State University’s Department of Family Medicine, Colgate University, and the University of Delaware are collaborating on a pilot study that will take place at a family health clinic in Detroit.
Research Programs
Research at the Institute is organized within five National Cancer Institute-recognized interdisciplinary programs:
